Minimize use of analgesics in patients who are Blunt abdominal injury (BAI) is common and usually results from motor vehicle collisions (MVC), falls and Blunt abdominal trauma is the leading type of traumatic injury in pregnancy, with motor vehicle crashes, falls, and assault being the most common etiologies. Abstract. Ensuring effective protocols for prehospital and hospital treatment, as well as thorough training of involved health care providers, is essential in ensuring that optimal care is provided. The close proximity of organs within the torso makes distinguishing between abdomen, chest and pelvic injuries difficult. Abdominal trauma requires immediate medical attention and, in some cases, hospitalisation. Blunt trauma to the abdomen can occur in people of all ages and is associated with a high morbidity. Each year thousands of patients with blunt abdominal injury are seen in emergency departments, and this substantially increases the cost of healthcare. [5][6] Pathophysiology In order to study the specific effects of blunt abdominal trauma on individual organs, injury models for each organ have been used. Such models include those of isolated splenic injuries, isolated hepatic injuries, isolated hollow viscus injuries, renal injuries, and so forth. Abdominal ultrasonography (USG) was applied in 139 (97%) of the patients, and abdominal computed tomography (CT) was performed in 73 (51%). Treatment. Treatment. There are two main types of acute abdominal trauma: blunt force trauma and penetrating trauma. Blunt Force Trauma. Conservative management of hepatic injuries is more hazardous, and treatment of pancreatic injuries is a matter of controversy. Many serious abdominal injuries may appear insignificant, making it extremely difficult to predict severity. A Mesenteric tears and isolated small bowel injuries can also occur. The spleen, liver, small bowel, colorectum, diaphragm, and pancreas are mostly affected in blunt abdominal trauma. Apply ice to decrease swelling and pain. Plain abdominal films are helpful in identifying the presence or location of an intra-abdominal foreign body. Patients have abdominal pain, sometimes radiating to the shoulder, and tenderness. The standard diagnostic technique in blunt abdominal trauma is sonography, assisted by computed tomography and, if indicated, angiography in hemodynamically stable patients. Treatment These patients are initially resuscitated and then the The assessment and treatment of children with specific injuries to the spleen, liver, pancreas, gastrointestinal tract or genitourinary tract are discussed separately. Isolated abdominal injuries without hemodynamic or coagulation disorders allow conservative treatment in the intensive care setting. Biliary leakage and/or biloma Complications Hepatic injury can result from blunt or penetrating trauma. The most frequent associated trauma was head injury (66.6%). Plain radiographs are of limited value in the evaluation of abdominal trauma. Treatment of blunt abdominal trauma begins at the scene of the injury and is continued upon the patients arrival at the emergency department (ED) or trauma center. Nonoperative management of blunt abdominal trauma has been very successful regarding splenic ruptures. Which organ is most commonly injured in blunt abdominal trauma? Blunt abdominal trauma is a frequent occurrence in the setting of emergency trauma management as a result of high-energy impact due to either automotive accidents or falls. Abdominal ultrasonography (USG) If access At laparotomy 36 hours after admission, a jejunal rupture and necrosis of the transverse colon were found. Blunt Abdominal Trauma Review. Management of blunt abdominal trauma has undergone a complete paradigm shift in the past two decades. Blunt abdominal trauma (BAT) represents 75% of all blunt trauma and is the most common example of this injury. With proper treatment, most people recover completely. Acetaminophen with or without small quantities of mild narcotic analgesics may be all that should be prescribed initially. For blunt trauma injuries, the liver is the most commonly affected, followed by the spleen. 2011 Jun;70(6):1580-1; The most frequent associated trauma was head injury (66.6%). the liver and spleen, followed by bowel and mesentery [].Missed intra-abdominal injuries and delays in surgical treatment are associated Many serious abdominal injuries may appear insignificant, making it extremely difficult The non-operative management of splenic injuries in blunt abdominal trauma has been markedly improved by angioembolisation. As a consequence of improved quality of computed tomography, even complex liver injuries are increasingly being treated conservatively. The first step in therapy is to stabilise the patient enough to assure proper Conservative management of hepatic injuries is more hazardous, and treatment of pancreatic injuries is a matter of controversy. Blunt abdominal trauma patients with suspected/proven HMVI diagnosed clinically/radiologically were included in this study. Early diagnosis and treatment is an important but difficult task. In: StatPearls [Internet]. The common solid organs involved in blunt abdominal trauma are the spleen, liver, and kidney. Isolated abdominal trauma was seen in 21 patients and multisystem trauma in 123 patients. J Trauma. Penetrating and blunt trauma to the abdomen can produce significant and life-threatening injuries. Insert x 2 large bore peripheral IV cannulas. Blunt abdominal trauma involves compression, crushing, or deceleration forces being exerted on the abdominal cavity ; Key: prompt detection of intra-abdominal hemorrhage Paydar S, Fazelzadeh A, Abbasi H, Bolandparvaz S. Base deficit: a better indicator for diagnosis and treatment of shock in trauma patients. Blunt abdominal trauma is a common injury that is most frequently caused by motor vehicle accidents and rarely by other mechanisms of injury. Through the network of trauma specialists, we are able to render efficient medical support to the patient. Isolated abdominal trauma was seen in 21 patients and multisystem trauma in 123 patients. The most common intra-abdominal injuries affect parenchymal organs, i.e. Abdominal trauma is, traditionally, described as either blunt or penetrating trauma and the organs and structures injured may vary depending on both the type and location of the trauma. Treatment. All patients with blunt abdominal trauma who have signs of peritonitis, frank bleeding, or worsening of clinical signs require an immediate laparotomy. Non-surgical treatment in patients with blunt abdominal injury depends on the clinical features, hemodynamic stability and results of the CT scan. Continuous monitoring and follow- up is essential to bring them back to a normal life. Treatment. Ice may also help prevent tissue damage. Prognosis depends on age, associated injuries, co-morbid conditions, and delay in operative intervention. Definitive surgical treatment follows hemodynamic stabilization and restoration of hemostasis. Management may involve nonoperative measures or surgical treatment, as appropriate. Indications for laparotomy in a patient with blunt abdominal injury include the following: Hemoperitoneum findings after focused assessment with sonography for trauma (FAST) or diagnostic peritoneal lavage (DPL) examinations Blunt abdominal trauma is much more frequent than penetrating abdominal trauma in Europe. Nonoperative management of blunt abdominal trauma has been very successful regarding splenic ruptures. Abdominal CT scan and small bowel transit may allow the diagnosis of blunt trauma but exploratory laparotomy is the examination of choice in case of strong suspicion of duodenal injury in the face of absent or equivocal radiological signs [7]. Intra-abdominal injuries secondary to blunt force are attributed to collisions between the injured person and the external environment and to acceleration or deceleration forces acting on the How can I manage my symptoms? Penetrating and blunt trauma to the abdomen can produce significant and life-threatening injuries. Blunt abdominal trauma treatment in Chennai ought to be approached with multiple medical assistance. A high degree of suspicion and watchfulness, regular examination, imaging, and investigations are needed to diagnose blunt abdominal injury. The liver, as the largest organ, is more liable to injury. Abdominal trauma remains a leading cause of mortality in all age groups. In immediate trauma care aim for a blood pressure greater than 90 mmHg systolic or a shock index less than 1 (HR/SBP). The evaluation of children with blunt abdominal trauma will be reviewed here. Abdominal trauma caused by blunt force is a common presentation in the emergency room seen in adults and children. Blunt abdominal injury (BAI) is common and usually results from motor vehicle collisions (MVC), falls and Blunt force trauma occurs when a strong force hits the body (in 138,139 Whereas 80% to 90% of injuries were treated operatively in Nonoperative management of blunt abdominal trauma has been very successful Abdominal trauma remains a leading cause of mortality in all age groups. Use an ice pack, or put crushed ice in Limit activity as